The Mendele Review: Yiddish
Literature and Language
(A Companion to MENDELE)
---------------------------------------------------------
Contents of Vol.
11.011 [Sequential No. 188]
Date:
Katzetnik Issue – Part One
1) This issue of TMR (ed).
2) Katzetnik -- Between Literature and
History (Yechiel
Szeintuch)
3)
Arkadi Gendler's "Mayn shtetele Soroke" (lyrics & performance)
4) 2 New Songs by
Kishenev Folklorist and Composer Arkadi Gendler (a. Yiddish / b. Romanized / c.
Score)
5) Important announcement in Jerusalem Post of
16 October 2007
6) Book Received: Hebrew Poems of His Youth by Eliahu Sela-Saldinger
1)---------------------------------------------------
Date:
From: ed.
Subject: This
issue of TMR
*** In this 2-part essay (the second part to appear in
the next issue of TMR) written especially for the TMR by Katzetnik
scholar Professor Yechiel Szeintuch of the Yiddish Department of the Hebrew
University, the author attempts to give his English-language audience a picture
of his extensive Katzetnik project and of the two volumes which are its most
tangible end-products. The two Hebrew volumes include a general study of the
famed -– but also much misunderstood -- Holocaust novelist Katzetnik as an
introduction to an academic edition with a Hebrew-Yiddish glossary of his first and in many ways central
creation, the novel Salamandra. Written in Yiddish, Salamandra
was published in many languages yet never in the original Yiddish. These
introductory essays deepen our understanding of a writer who is sometimes
presented in a sordid light. *** David
Mazower met and heard the folklorist and composer Arkadi Gendler in Vilna this
summer as did Robert Goldenberg at Klezkamp. The Gendler songs are not given
here as an effort to balance the awful sobriety the Katzetnik theme demands,
but they are a happy sign – deep nostalgia and sentimentality notwithstanding –
in a desired direction. Arkadi Gendler sings his own "Mayn shtetele
Soroke."
2)----------------------------------------
Date:
From: Yechiel Szeintuch
Subject: Katzetnik -- Between Literature
and History
Katzetnik
the Yiddish and Hebrew Writer: Between
Literature and History
Eight Questions and Their Partial Answers
Yechiel Fajner
(16.05.1909 – 17.07.2001), also known as Karl Tsetinski or Yechiel De-Nur, is a
famous known yet somehow unknown Holocaust novelist, whose books have been
translated into over a score of languages. He remains an enigma to those who
have read his books, whether in Yiddish, Hebrew or in translation. In the
English-speaking world and in
1. Who was he before the Second World War?
2. How is his Yiddish-Hebrew bilingualism
expressed?
3. What is the meaning of the four letters
E.d'M.A. (alef, daled'mem, ayin ) which appear on an empty page directly
following the title page in all of his books?
4. What was Katzetnik's personal connection
to the Eichmann trial?
5. Why did Yechiel Fajner call himself
Katzetnik following the Second World War?
6. How did Katzetnik come to be treated
with LSD?
7. Why did the salamander become a central
symbol in Katzetnik's writings?
8. Which books did Katzetnik originally
write in Yiddish or in Hebrew?
Hundreds
of articles about Katzetnik's books have been written since 1946, mainly
reviews. However, immediately following
his death in 2001, systematic works of research began to appear. In
Within the
framework of the Dov Sadan Institute at the
1. Yechiel
Fajner, born in
2. Yechiel
Fajner's (Katzetnik's) Yiddish-Hebrew bilingualism was from the start an
organic facet of his writings. In the Yiddish orthodox press he fought for
Hebrew, and wrote in Hebrew for the
3. For more
than fifty years Yechiel De-Nur was asked about the significance of the
E.d'M.A. code in his books, but he remained silent. The answer to this
question, one that justifies his silence, is long and complicated. A detailed
analysis concerning the way in which the code is deciphered is found in my
book.(6) A brief
answer to the question is that the four Hebrew letters are the abbreviated
initials of the ancient Talmudic magical formula "Eloha d'Me'ir
Aneyni" (God of Rabbi Meir Answer me – Avoda Zara, 18b). This formula,
which is forbidden to be voiced, enables one to free themself from
life-threatening danger. Katzetnik at least twice screamed it mutely while on
the brink of imminent death: during the
"Mengele selection" in
4. Concerning
his connection to the Eichmann trial, Katzetnik was chosen -- against his will
-- as a central witness for the prosecution to bear testimony on
5. In 1931
Yechiel Fajner published a volume of Yiddish poetry in
"Katzetnik"
became his pen name after he totally relinquished his birth name Yechiel
Fajner. He completely severed himself from his birth name and forbade all
acquaintances from the prewar period to mention it or any other facts
concerning his prewar biography, including the volume of his poetry, which he
physically destroyed in a number of libraries in
6. In 1976,
Katzetnik let himself be treated with LSD in the sanatorium of Prof. Jan
Bastians in
7. In world
literature beginning with Greek and Roman culture, as well as in the Talmud and
Hebrew literature throughout the ages, a legend exists about the salamander
that lives in fire and is not consumed. Scientists of natural history who deal
with herpetology describe the so-called Fire Salamander which lives in the
depths of the earth in a moist environment, and is originally an amphibian
creature. Fire and water are accompanying motifs of the salamander with which
Katzetnik identifies deeply in his work to the extent that he speaks of himself
as if he were a salamander. Furthermore, he composed a poem and novel both
bearing the name "Salamander" (Salamandra), and even gave the entire
series of his six books about his agonizing Holocaust experiences the name
"Salamandra". I deal with this at length in my book.
8. According
to his own words, Katzetnik wrote his books first and foremost in "leshon
hakdoshim" – the language of the martyrs, i.e. Yiddish, and only later did
he translate them into "leshon hakodesh" – the language of holiness,
i.e. Hebrew. As it seems (prior to a systematic investigation which should be
conducted), his novels Salamandra (translated into English as: Sunrise
Over Hell), Dos Hoyz fun di Lialkes (House of Dolls), Piepels
(Pepel; Atrocity), and his poetic work in prose Der Zeyger Vos Ibern Kop
were first written in Yiddish. As stated earlier, the original Yiddish
manuscript of two of these novels, Salamandra and Piepels, were
never published. These four novels
portray the Holocaust period; the other two – known in Hebrew as Haimut
(Phoenix Over the Galilee) and Tsofen Edma (in English: Shiviti and in
Yiddish: Di Zeung) which describe the renewal of the survivor Harry
Preleshnik's (Katzetnik's) life in Israel, were apparently first written in
Hebrew.
Following the
Holocaust, Yechiel Fajner established a literary model in Jewish literature for
those who survived and were committed to write about what happened to the Jews
in
Footnotes/Bibliography
1. Yechiel
Szeintuch, Katzetnik 135633: A Series of Dialogues with Yechiel De-Nur,
edited by Carrie Friedman-Cohen, Jerusalem, Ghetto fighters' House and the Dov
Sadan Institute at the Hebrew University, 2003 (Hebrew)
2. Leon Yudkin, "Ka=Tzetnik 135633
(Yehiel Dinur)", Dictionary of Literary Biography, vol. 299
(Holocaust Novelists), Ed. Efraim Sicher,
3.Anthony Rudolph, "Ka-Tzetnik
135633", Jewish Writers of the Twentieth Century, editor, Sorrel
Kerbel; assistant editors, Muriel Emanuel, Laura Phillips, New York, Fritz
Dearborn, 2003, pp. 267-268.
4. Yechiel Szeintuch, "The Myth of the
Salamander in the Work of Katzetnik", Partial Answers, 3/1,
5.Oren Segal, Mabat Aher Ba"Planeta
Haaheret": Kriya Mehudeshet Beshloshet Sfarav Harishonim Shel
Katzetnik, MA Thesis, Tel Aviv University, January 2005. (Hebrew)
6. Beatrice Lang-Caplan, Orthodox Yiddish
Literature in Intrawar
7. Yechiel Szeintuch, Myth and History in
Katzetnik's Writings, edited by Carrie Friedman-Cohen, Jerusalem, the Dov Sadan
Institute at the Hebrew University & the Carmel Publishing House,
2008-forthcoming.
3)----------------------------------------------------
Date:
From: Robert Goldenberg
Subject: Arkadi Gendler's "Mayn shtetele Soroke"
מײַן שטעטעלע
סאָראָקע
(פֿון אַרקאַדי גענדלער)
װי עס פֿליסט
דער אַלטער דניעסטר
צװישן בערג
און צװישן טאָל
שטײט
פֿאַרחלומט מײַן סאָראָקע
מיט אַ
פֿעסטונג פֿון אַמאָל
דאָרטן אין אַ
ייִדיש געסל
האָט מײַן
מאַמע מיך געװיגט
און אַ
װיג־ליד מיר געזינגען [געזונגען =כלל-שפראַך]
װעלכע האָט
מײַן האַרץ דערקװיקט ...
דאָרטן האָב
איך בײַ אַ רבין
אױסגעלערנט
אַלף־בית
בײַ מײַן
אַרבעט פֿלעגן רינען
פֿון מײַן
שטערן טײַכן שװײס
בײַ דעם שײנעם
קערצן בריקל [קורצן = כלל-שפראַך]
דאָרט
שפּאַצירט האָב איך מיט פֿרײַנד
דאָרט באַגעגנט
זיך מיט ליבע
װעלכע דױערט
נאָך ביז הײַנט...
ס’האָבן װילדע,
בײזע װינטן
מיט מײַן
הײמאַט מיך צעשײדט [הײמאַט = [NHG
און דעם עולם
פֿון דעם שטעטל
אױף דער
גאַנצער װעלט צעשפּרײט
כאָטש
פֿאַרלאָפֿן זענען יאָרן
נאָר ניט
אױסגעהײלט מײַן שמאַרץ
כ’װעל דיך קײן
מאָל ניט פֿאַרגעסן
זינגט מײַן
ליד נאָך אין מײַן האַרץ...
4)----------------------------------------------------
Date:
From: David Mazower.
Subject: Two Songs by Kishenev Folklorist and Composer Arkady Gentler
a. Yiddish
1. צום שטאַם
(װערטער און מוזיק פֿון
אַרקאַדי גענדלער)
לעבן די ברעגן פֿון
דניעפּער שטײט אַ שטעטעלע
ס’איז זאַפּאָראָזשע דער
נאָמען,
ס’איז דאָ מײַן זײדע,
אַמאָליקע יאָרן
אַהינצו צום לעבן
געקומען.
דאָרטן האָט ער אױסגעבױעט
אַ שטיבעלע
װוּ ס’איז געבױרן מײַן
טאַטע
דאָרטן פֿאַרפֿלאַנצט
האָט ער גערטנער און טרױמען
פֿון ימען און לענדער
פֿון װײַטע.
רעפֿרען:
האָט זיך פֿון דאָרטן אין גיכן צעשפּרײט
אױף װעגן און לענדער, אױף שטעטלעך און שטעט:
משהלעך, שלמהלעך, שרהלעך,
לאהלעך
בערעלעך, פּערעלעך, מענדלס און חיהלעך,
מירעלעך, צירעלעך, װעלװלס
און חײַמס
ס’מאַכן דאָרט אַלע
לחײַם.
חוהס און רײזעלעך,
מאָטעלעך, יאָסעלעך,
זײ מאַכן לחײַם שױן אַלע.
ס’האָבן ניט לאַנג זיך
צעװיגט און צעהױדעט
דעם זײדנס דעם ליבנס
קינדס קינדער
האָבן זײ פֿעסט זיך
געשטעלט אױף די פֿיסעלעך
ס’איז דאָך אַ גליק און
אַ װוּנדער.
דאָרטן געבױעט משפּחות
און הײמען
מיט ליבע באַצירטע מיט
בלומען
דאָרטן געזונגען
אַמאָליקע לידעלעך
דאָך זיך געביטן די
נעמען:
רעפֿרען:
האָט זיך פֿון דאָרטן אין
גיכן צעשפּרײט
אױף װעגן און לענדער, אױף
שטעטלעך און שטעט:
באַרבאַראַ, לינדע,
קריסטינע און ראָזי,
לײַאָנעל, נאַנסי,
עדװאַרד, ליליאַן,
דזשערי, פֿיליפּ, מערילין
און ראָזאַלי
ס’מאַכן דאָרט אַלע
לחײַם.
גאָרדאָן און ראָדזשער,
פֿראַנציסקאָ און יודזשין,
זײ מאַכן שױן אַלע לחײַם.
ס’האָט אױף דער װעלט זיך
צעבליט שױן דער פֿרילינג,
און אָנגעפֿילט הערצער
מיט ליבע,
ס’האָבן די צאַרטע און
װאַרעמע װינטלעך
די שטימונג פֿאַרטריבן די
טריבע.
כ’האָב די משפּחה
פֿאַרזאַמלט בײַם דניעפּער
פֿאַרשידענע צװײַגן
צוזאַמען
און אױף אַ שיף
אָפּגעפֿירט זײ צו װײַזן
די ערטער פֿון װאַנען זײ
שטאַמען.
רעפֿרען:
האָט זיך פֿון דאָרטן אין
גיכן צעשפּרײט
אױף װעגן און לענדער, אױף
שטעטלעך און שטעט
משהלעך, שלמהלעך, שרהלעך,
לאהלעך,
בערעלעך, פּערעלעך,
מענדלס און חיהלעך,
מירעלעך, צירעלעך, װעלװלס
און חײַמס
ס’מאַכן דאָרט אַלע לחײַם
חוהס און רײזעלעך,
מאָטעלעך, יאָסעלעך,
זײ מאַכן לחײַם שױן אַלע.
2. זינגט אױף ייִדיש
(װערטער און מוזיק פֿון אַרקאַדי גענדלער)
מיט אַ פֿידל, אָן אַ
פֿידל
וידער קלינגט אַ ייִדיש
לידל
מאַמע-לשון – ס’איז דאָך
אַ מחיה.
כּלי־זמר-הײַנטיקע חכמים
שפּילן ייִדישע ניגונים,
צװישן אַלטע לידער שפּילט
מען נײַע.
כאָטש אױף ייִדיש לאַנג
געשװיגן,
זינגען מיר מיט
פֿאַרגעניגן,
מ’גײט דערבײַ אַ טענצל
מלא-טעם.
טאָמער פֿעלט אַ גראַם
צום לידל,
צי אַ סטרונע בײַ דעם
פֿידל
זינגט מען אונטער:
טשירי-בירי-באָם
רעפֿרען:
טשירי-בים, טשירי-באָם,
זינגט באַזונדער צי אין אײנעם,
טשירי-בים, טשירי- באָם,
און פֿאַר קײנעם זיך ניט שעמען,
טשירי-בים, טשירי-באָם,
טשירי-בים-באָם-בים-באָם-באָם
נאָך דעם שבתדיקן קידוש,
זינגט מען זמירות אױך אױף
ייִדיש,
ס’זינגען מיט אַפֿילו די
רבנים.
זאָלן אַלע ייִדן װיסן:
סײַ אױף חתונות און בריתן
יידיש זינגען אַלע
מחותנים.
אױף קאָנצערטן,
פֿעסטיװאַלן,
פֿליסן נײַע, פֿרישע
קװאַלן,
יונג און אַלטע אין אײנעם
זינגען לידער.
חנה, זלמן, רײזל, איציק,
משה, לײבל מיטן סמיטשעק,
אַלע שװעסטער, אַלע
זײַנען ברידער.
רעפֿרען:
יידיש װידער װערט געבױרן,
ס’איז דער שורש ניט
פֿאַרלױרן,
ס’פֿײַער אױפֿן
פּריפּעטשיק ניט פֿאַרלאָשן.
יידן זײַנען אײן משפּחה,
שיקן אומעטום אַ ברכה,
מ’רעדט, מ’שרײַבט,
מ’זינגט אױף מאַמע-לשון,
מאָסקװע, פּעטערבורג און
קיִעװ,
זאַפּאָראָזשיע,
תל-אָביב,
כּרים, אָדעס, ניו-יאָרק,
ירושליִם,
סאַן-פֿראַנציסקאָ און
בערדיטשעװ,
יעדע שטאָט און יעדער
ייִשובֿ,
מאַכן דאָרט אױף ייִדיש אַ
לחײַם.
רעפֿרען:
b. Romanized
1. Tsum shtam
(words and music by Arkady Gendler)
Lebn di bregn fun
dniepr shteyt a shtetele
S’iz
S’iz du mayn
zeyde, amolike yorn
Ahintsu tsum lebn gekumen.
Dortn hot er oysgeboyet a shtibele
Vu s’iz geboyrn mayn tate
Dortn farflantst hot er gertner un troymen
Fun yamen un lender fun vayte.
Refren:
Hot zikh fun dortn in gikhn
tseshpreyt
Oyf vegn un lender, oyf shtetlekh
un shtet:
Moyshelekh, Shloymelekh, Surelekh, Lealekh,
Berelekh, Perelekh, Mendls un Khayelekh,
Mirelekh, Tsirelekh, Velvls un Khayims
S’makhn dort ale lekhayim.
Khaves un Reyzelekh, Motelekh, Yoselekh,
Zey makhn lekhayim shoyn ale.
S’hobn nit lang zikh tsevigt un tsehoydet
Dem zeydns dem libns kinds kinder
Hobn zey fest zikh geshtelt oyf di fiselekh
S’iz dokh a glik un a vunder.
Dortn geboyet mishpokhes un heymen
Mit libe batsirte mit blumen
Dortn gezungen amolike lidelekh
Dokh zikh gebitn di nemen:
Refren:
Hot zikh fun dortn in gikhn tseshpreyt
Oyf vegn un lender, oyf shtetlekh un shtet:
Barbara, Linde, Kristine un Rozie,
Layonel, Nansi, Edvard, Lilian,
Dzsheri, Filip, Merilin un Rozalie
S’makhn dort ale lekhayim
Gordon un Rodzsher, Frantsisko un Yudzshin,
Zey makhn shoyn
ale lekhayim.
S’hot oyf der velt zikh tseblit shoyn der friling,
Un ongefilt hertser mit libe,
S’hobn di tsarte un vareme vintlekh
Di shtimung fartribn di tribe.
Kh’hob di mishpokhe farzamlt bam
dnieper
Farshidene tsvaygn tsuzamen
Un oyf a shif opgefirt zey tsu vayzn
Di erter fun vanen zey shtamen.
Refren:
Hot zikh fun dortn in gikhn tseshpreyt
Oyf vegn un lender, oyf shtetelekh un shtet
Moyshelekh, Shloymelekh, Surelekh, Lealekh,
Berelekh, Perelekh, Mendls un Khayelekh,
Mirelekh, Tsirelekh, Velvls un Khayims
S’makhn dort ale lekhayim
Khaves un Reyzelekh, Motelekh, Yoselekh,
Zey makhn lekhayim shoyn ale.
2. Zingt oyf
yidish
(words and music
by Arkady Gendler)
Mit a fidl, on a
fidl
Vider klingt a
yidish lidl
Mame-loshn – s’iz
dokh a mekhaye.
Klezmer-hayntike
khakhomim
Shpiln yidishe
nigunim,
Tsvishn alte
lider shpilt men naye.
Khotsh af yidish
lang geshvign,
Zingen mir mit fargenign,
M’geyt derbay a tentsl mole-taam.
Tomer feylt a
grom tsum lidl,
Tsi a strune bay
dem fidl
Zingt men unter:
tshiri-biri-bom
Refren:
Tshiri-bim, tshiri-bom,
Zingt bazunder tsi in eynem,
Tshiri-bim, tshiri bom,
Un far keynem zikh nit sheymen,
Tshiri-bim, tshiri-bom,
Tshiri-bim-bom-bim-bom-bom……
Nokh dem
shabesdikn kidesh,
Zingt men zmires
oykh af yidish,
S’zingen mit
afile di rabonim.
Zoln ale yidn
visn:
Say oyf khasenes
un brisn
Yidish zingen ale
mekhutonim.
Oyf kontsertn,
festivaln,
Flisn naye, frishe kvaln,
Yung un alte in eynem zingen lider.
Khane, Zalmen, Reyzl, Itsik,
Moyshe, Leybl mitn smitshek,
Ale shvester, ale zaynen brider.
Refren:
Yidish vider vert geboyrn,
S’iz der shoyresh nit farloyrn,
S’fayer afn pripetshek nit farloshn.
Yidn zaynen eyn mishpokhe,
Shikn umetum a brokhe,
M’redt, m’shraybt, m’zingt af mame-loshn,
Moskve, Peterburg un Kiev,
Zaporozhye, Tel-Aviv,
Krim, Odes, Nyu-York, Yerushalaim,
San-frantsisko un Berditshev,
Yede shtot un
yeder yishev,
Makhn dort af
yidish a lekhaim.
Refren:
[transcribed by David Mazower]
c. scores
5)-------------------------------------
Date:
From: citation from Jerusalem Post
Subject: Important announcement in Jerusalem Post
Moti Zisser … has set the wheels in
motion for a permanent home for Yiddish Theater and for Yiddish cultural
endeavor in general. Following the death of dancer, choreographer and creator
of the Bat Dor Dance Company Jeanette Ordman earlier this year, Zisser
purchased the company premises and assets with a view to providing Yiddishpiel
with all its needs. …[D]iscussions have taken place about the possibility of
recording productions live and transmitting them via Internet or satellite or
both.
6)-----------------------------------------------------
Date: 28 October 2007
From: ed.
Subject: Books
Received
Hebrew Poems of His Youth by Eliahu
Sela-Saldinger
Eliahu
Sela-Saldinger. Sekhishey Transnistria. Leket shirey ne'urim
ve-bakhrut.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
End of The Mendele Review Vol.
11.011
Editor, Leonard
Prager
Subscribers to Mendele (see below)
automatically receive The Mendele Review.
Send "to subscribe" or change-of-status
messages to: listproc@lists.yale.edu
a. For a temporary stop: set mendele mail postpone
b. To resume delivery: set mendele mail ack
c. To subscribe: sub mendele first_name last_name
d. To unsubscribe kholile: unsub mendele
*** Getting back issues ***
The Mendele Review archives can be reached at: http://yiddish.haifa.ac.il/tmr/tmr.htm
Yiddish Theatre Forum archives can be reached at: http://yiddish.haifa.ac.il/tmr/ytf/ytf.htm
Mendele on the web: http://shakti.trincoll.edu/~mendele/index.utf-8.htm
***